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A Global Politics Extended Essay investigates a focused political question using core political concepts, case studies, perspectives and evidence.
Your essay must show conceptual clarity, strong argumentation and evaluation grounded in political theory and real world examples.
A Global Politics EE must:
be rooted in political concepts, for example power, legitimacy, sovereignty, human rights, development or justice
analyse real political processes, actors, institutions or interactions
use carefully selected case studies
evaluate differing perspectives or interpretations
show understanding of global, regional or local political contexts
build an argument that answers a clearly defined research question
Your essay should feel unmistakably political, not sociological, historical or economic.
A strong topic:
focuses on a specific political issue, conflict, policy or debate
allows for meaningful comparison or conceptual exploration
uses real examples from credible sources
is narrow enough for depth
allows you to apply at least one major political concept
Examples of suitable topic types
analysis of a human rights issue using relevant frameworks
evaluation of political legitimacy or authority in a specific context
study of a social movement and its relationship with power
impact of globalisation on a political actor or community
examination of sovereignty in contested territories
analysis of media framing in political debates
assessment of the effectiveness of international organisations
Examples of unsuitable topics
personal opinions about global politics
broad discussions of world issues without focus
topics more suited to History or Economics
essays that lack political concepts
purely descriptive accounts of events
topics with no clear actors, contexts or case studies
Global Politics requires conceptual framing, not general commentary.
Evidence should come from:
academic texts and journals
policy documents
reports from credible organisations (for example UN, Amnesty, Human Rights Watch, OECD)
political speeches, interviews or statements
media sources from multiple perspectives
case studies and contextual data
Avoid:
opinion only pieces
unverified online sources
overly partisan material used uncritically
relying on a single perspective
superficial or generic summaries
A strong essay triangulates evidence and acknowledges perspectives.
Your essay should use at least one core concept and may include:
power and legitimacy
sovereignty and authority
human rights frameworks
justice and equality
globalisation and interconnectedness
peace and conflict theories
development models
political ideology
Concepts must be used accurately and integrated throughout the argument, not added in as afterthoughts.
Depending on your question, you may use:
case study analysis
comparative investigations
discourse and media analysis
policy or treaty analysis
qualitative analysis of speeches or statements
evaluation of NGO or IGO reports
triangulation of sources
analysis of public opinion within context (with caution)
Methods should help answer the research question and must be applied critically.
Analysis in Global Politics should:
explain political relationships, processes and dynamics
interpret evidence in relation to core concepts
compare actors, policies or cases where relevant
explain causation, influence or impact
identify tensions, contradictions or trade offs
remain tightly focused on your conceptual framing
Your argument should show how politics operates in practice, not simply recount events.
Evaluation may include:
differing political perspectives
ideological biases in sources
limitations or weaknesses in evidence
contested interpretations of an event
questioning the effectiveness of institutions or policies
implications for actors or communities
reflection on scale (local versus global)
Evaluation must appear throughout, not only in the conclusion.
Avoid:
topics that drift into sociology, history or ethics without political framing
essays dominated by description rather than analysis
relying on weak or biased sources
personal or moral arguments instead of conceptual ones
unfocused questions that attempt to cover the entire world
case studies with no depth or context
failing to evaluate perspectives
applying concepts inaccurately
These are common reasons for lower marks.
Examples of strong Global Politics EE questions:
To what extent does media framing influence public support for climate policy in Sweden?
How effectively has the International Criminal Court exercised its mandate in cases involving Kenya between 2010 and 2015?
To what extent does Chinese investment in Kenya challenge traditional notions of sovereignty?
How far has youth activism influenced policy change on environmental issues in Germany since 2018?
To what extent does the Kurdish struggle for independence illustrate the limits of state sovereignty?
Each question is specific, concept driven and researchable.
Please note, the subject reports and examples are based on the previous iteration of the Extended Essay.